First, I think it's important to understand a few things, so here's some background info.
Overclocking - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Next, know the risks -
Understanding CPU Overclocking
Next - let's look at
WHY you can overclock in the first place.
The wikipedia link (given first) explains that it has to do with manufacturing margins in the clock circuit.
Instead of focusing on the clock - the favorite subject of overclockers - I'd like to contribute on the manufacturing margin part.
Here's what most everyone thinks a close-up of a semiconductor looks like:
Stock Photos: Chip
Here's a popular block diagram (ok to just ignore the words) of a mosfet - a kind of transistor that you can consider one of THE fundamental building blocks of a semiconductor (aka computer chip) -
The interface between silicon and a high-k oxide
Now - I've set the link to scroll down on this page, tap the thumbnails to enlarge - here's what semiconductors really look like -
Home Page
Not clean, not razor sharp - lumpy and fuzzy.
And those are the GOOD examples.
Here are little videos - with more close-ups at each spot - of the generic semiconductor manufacturing process -
How Semiconductors Are Made | Renesas Electronics
In that, they constant mention lithography and etching.
For practical purposes of this discussion - semiconductors are made with a high-tech printing process (with some cutting / etching).
If you've seen a lot of Sunday funnies with lots of variation on the colors lining up - you've got the right idea of what's really going on.
Especially if you think in terms of printing with metal on a microscopic scale.
System speeds are the designed-for, rated speeds. Overclocking is only possible because often that printing process is even better than needed.
But that amount of _better_ varies insanely from lot to lot, and even from one side of the wafer to the other. (You've looked at the little vids, so you know what a wafer is.)
This is why the kernel devs supporting overclocking won't commit to any one number - it's
unpossible to find, specify or characterize.
When your phone ran faster with a slower clock speed, it simply meant that you stopped stressing some devices or class of devices somewhere on the motherboard. And that was without question the kind of stress that lowers your devices' reliability and lifetime.
It's entirely possible that your overclocking experiments - similar I am sure to what so many others are doing - may have no long-term adverse effects.
But being a reliability freak, you couldn't pay me to overclock.
And to repeat the answer to original call for opinion - without a doubt, there's no one right number, but I've seen others advocate 1.15 as safe. How they arrived at that, I don't know, but I have seen it.