To answer your question, if you're rooted and use something like Root Explorer, I believe you can find the apk's for things. However, may I suggest two alternate options:
a) Non-rooted: You can download the free app AppBrain and it will sync all of the apps on your phone, so you just can hit one button and Install All. Also has a nice market, a bit more filtered than just the straight Market.
b) Rooted: There's a free-but-pay-for-more-features app called Titanium Backup* that can back up not only applications, but system data as well (mostly settings and such). I loooove this app, I set it to backup every night at 3am, and I always have backups of everything. The paid version also allows you to Freeze apps (essentially getting rid of them, but you're able to thaw them if you have to have them to upgrade your OS) and upload backups to Dropbox.
* I believe another similar app is Nandroid, but that's all I know about it, perhaps someone else can shed more light on it.