Hello cwgrindley, and welcome to the forums.
It sounds like you've noticed right above this big posting area for the Captivate, are several Captivate sub-forums, "All Things Root" included. One of the stickies in the Root sub is, "http://androidforums.com/evo-4g-all-things-root/194918-rooting-dummies.html," which is one of many guides for getting your device rooted.
Many Android device users seek out ROMs that have the kernel over clocked, that way they can use an app such as SetCPU, available in Market, to use the battery temperature, CPU speed etc in "profiles," which are how things function at different times, such as when the device is sleeping, etc.
Rooting is just an exploit to give you access to certain areas of the system, it is not in and of itself a true change; it just opens doors. Changes come about when you start flashing ROMs and/or fooling around in those newly open areas.. be careful.
Read in that All Things Root area about the mistakes of others trying to work their way out of some issue brought about when they removed a file or service needed by the OS.