Do you really understand the pressures needed for a decent barrel? The idea behind firearms is the gunpowder burns/explodes and gasses expand. Expanding gasses have only one way to exit and push the bullet forward.
I do not know of any plastic on earth that could handle the pressures needed for a decent caliber/round. Even a .22SR (which has no power at all, barely more than a BB) would cause 99% of plastics to explode/melt on the spot. I seriously doubt that a 3D printer plastic is among the top 100 percentile in plastic strength technology (I could be wrong). If you made a .22SR barrel a foot thick in diameter, maybe, but it would be unusable (and still warp/melt).
If you used a .22SR on a squirrel he would look at you and say 'Hey, knock it off.' Understand that a twisted/bent/melted barrel is a death trap to the shooter.
There are reasons why barrels are ALWAYS made from hardened steel. NO firearm sold has a plastic barrel.
I do understand the pressures required. I do know the plastics used by hobbyists that made objects with a 3D printer are not suitable for making guns and you do not need to explain the dangers of a melted barrel. I get it.
But we are talking about new technology and market demands and an increasing user base. Be it a 3D printer or laser cutter or even a computerized engraver that can be used to make small parts, the prices are dropping and the DIY crowd are developing tools that bring difficult manufacturing to the masses.
We have the equipment and it is getting less costly. Now, all that is left are the materials which a growing market will provide. There will be demands for materials that can easily withstand the pressures created when a gun discharges.
Your believing that it is impractical or impossible or assuming that I do not get it is as silly as not understanding that there are many materials out there and new ones on the way. Today, yes, the materials might be elusive, but you do not know. Vast amounts of materials are out there in the market. Next year, who knows what will happen.
Somewhere along the line, a system will arrive that lets you make parts like barrels from plastics or similar materials that WILL stand up to the pressure required.
As far as pressure is concerned, forget plastics and use ceramics. I can see a material aimed at hobbyists that is shipped soft. After machining with one of the desktop manufacturing stations, it is baked. Then you have a material that could handle the pressures that occur in something like a .50 caliber.
Or forget ceramics and revisit the plastic engines made in 1980 or so for professional racing motorsports. That specific developer is partnering with Huntsman Chemical to bring a plastic engine to market.
Just a matter of time.