add-on to outlook the app called gsyncit. It syncs your outlook to your gmail. I use it and love it. Does contacts, appointment calendar, tasks and memos. If you don't want to go through the gmail route, Companionlink has several options. You can sync directly through a USB cable or through the Companionlink Servers.
Note that if you do want to go through gmail, you can sync with multiple gmail accounts, so you could set up a secondary gmail account to use for this purpose and keep your personal gmail account you set the phone up with clean.
Warning (I feel compelled to provide because I work in the business
) - before you use any service that forwards your mail or calendar through another provider like gmail, be sure to check your company's security policies - if you work with sensitive information, it could be in violation of federal/state/company laws and policies. If you are just syncing calendar and contacts this way, there may or may not be some leeway here since there's less sensitive info involved. If it's a concern, check first, you don't want to get hit with the liability issues after.
Whenever possible, you want to sync with the company mail server directly, so use exchange if it's available. If that doesn't work and you can safely sync your calendar and contacts with external account, gsyncit is by far probably your best option. Companionlink is the main tool I've seen for syncing directly over USB, but it's frankly overpriced and asks for an additional office app on your phone you probably don't need otherwise, so only use it if you need it.
I found this site in a google discussions topic on the subject, It has a bunch of tools to try:
Sync Android/Droid with Outlook/Exchange
It suggests MyPhoneExplorer as a free option:
https://market.android.com/details?id=com.fjsoft.myphoneexplorer.client&hl=en
As for widgets and such, you'll probably have to be more specific as to what you liked. There are a lot of options out there to emulate the sense features, though I don't know if any of them are good, since I've never used sense myself
.