It appears the consensus is no, if this person hooked up your phone to their own PC your options now are limited as far as determining exactly what if anything was done. It's one thing to keep your data private with day-to-day usage but generally, once you give up physical possession of your phone you've lost a lot of control over the matter. If you really suspect something did occur, change all the passwords to any online services you have set up on your phone (email account, FB, Dropbox, etc.), and from now on make sure you have some kind of lock screen/fingerprint set up, and refrain from giving you phone out. We are all putting a lot into our phones now, passing along your phone is like loaning your wallet to someone.