Keep in mind that when you're using something like a file manager app that you've installed on your Note, you are using an Android app that's running on an Android device. You will be able to see more and manage more files and folders using a file manager app because it's running 'natively'. When you're trying to do the same things on a computer or laptop, it's a very different situation. Presumably that computer will be running Windows or MacOS, both being very different operation systems than Android. So when you use something like Windows Explorer or Mac Finder to view and/or manage files and folders on your Note, there are going to be a lot of limitations involved. You're using a non-native file manager to access data on a device running a different operating system with a different file system.
Also, there are a lot of directories that have restricted, system-level permissions. They're not accessible for general usage.
Generally, use the file manager app on your Note as a primary utility to manage your files and folders residing in its internal storage and microSD card. Use a computer's file manager to transfer files between your two devices.
Which file manager app did you install?
Some are more basic, some have more extensive feature sets. The more extensive ones often include networking capabilities so you can use the file manager app to also access locally networked devices.