No, you'll start with the order they're in now, and that will be changed depending on what you use to put them into the phone.
Or you can sort them by modification date (which includes the time) and they'll be in the order in which they were taken.
The order in which you see files with a file manipulation program isn't the order in which they sit in the storage medium, they're the order in which the program is set to display them. It's just that either the app you used to look at them when they were in the phone is set to a different sort order than the app you're looking at them with now, or it's the same app, but it's set to display them in the order in which they sit in storage, which is never going to be the same order when they get moved to a different location.
(And if you're going to fool around with photography, I suggest that you install a free [or paid, your choice] EXIF editor, so you can see the date, location, etc., information stored internally with the picture.)
